Abstract Detail

Colloquium: Speaking of Food: connecting basic and applied science

Iorizzo, Massimo [1], Senalik, Douglas [2], Ellison, Shelley [1], Grzebelus, Dariusz [3], Cavagnaro, Pablo [1], Allender, Charlotte [5], Brunet, Johanne [6], Spooner, David [7], Van Deynze, Allen [8], Simon, Philipp [2].

Genetic structure and domestication of carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus L.) (Apiaceae).

Analyses of genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships illuminate the origin and domestication of modern crops. Despite being an important world-wide vegetable, the genetic structure and domestication of carrot (Daucus carota L.) is poorly understood. We provide the first such study using a large data set of molecular markers and accessions, widely dispersed around the world. Sequencing data from the carrot transcriptome were used to develop 4000 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP). Eighty-four genotypes, including a geographically well-distributed subset of wild and cultivated carrots, were genotyped using the KASPar assay. Analysis of allelic diversity of SNP data revealed no reduction of genetic diversity in cultivated vs. wild accessions. Structure and phylogenetic analysis indicated a clear separation between wild and cultivated accessions as well as between eastern and western cultivated carrot. Among the wild carrots, those from Central Asia were genetically most similar to cultivated accessions. Furthermore, we found that wild carrots from North America were most closely related to European wild accessions. Comparative genetic diversity of wild and cultivated accessions suggested the absence of a genetic bottleneck during carrot domestication. In conjunction with historical documents, our results suggest an origin of domesticated carrot in Central Asia. Wild carrots from North America were likely introduced as weeds with European colonization. These results provide insight to long-debated questions of carrot evolution and domestication, and inform germplasm curators and breeders on genetic substructure of carrot genetic resources.

Broader Impacts:

1 - University of Wisconsin, Horticulture, Madison, WI, USA
2 - USDA Agricultural Research Service; Univ. Wisconsin, Horticulture, Madison, WI, USA
3 - University of Agriculture in Krakow, Genetics, Krakow, Poland
4 - University of Wisconsin, Horticulture, Madison, WI, USA
5 - University of Warwick, Warwick Crop Centre, Warwick, UK
6 - USDA ARS; University of Wisconsin, Entomology, Madison, WI, USA
7 - University of Wisconsin, HORTICULTURE DEPT, 1575 LINDEN DR., MADISON, WI, 53706-1590, USA
8 - University of California, Seed Biotechnology Center, Davis, CA, USA

Keywords:
Daucus carota
Domestication
carrot.

Presentation Type: Symposium or Colloquium Presentation
Session: C7
Location: Grand Ballroom A/Riverside Hilton
Date: Tuesday, July 30th, 2013
Time: 2:45 PM
Number: C7004
Abstract ID:654
Candidate for Awards:None