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Abstract Detail



Diversity and Development in the Vitaceae - More than Wine Grapes

Wen, Jun [1].

Phylogenetics and evolutionary diversification of Vitaceae.

Vitaceae (the grape family) consists of about 15 genera and 900 species primarily distributed in tropical regions in Asia, Africa, Australia, the neotropics, and the Pacific islands, with Vitis, Parthenocissus and Ampelopsis disjunctly distributed in the north temperate regions. The phylogeny of Vitaceae has been reconstructed using multiple nuclear and plastid markers as well as the transcriptome next-generation sequencing approaches. The backbone relationships of Vitaceae were well resolved with sequences of 417 nuclear genes from the transcriptome data. Six 5-merous genera including Parthenocissus, Yua, Ampelocissus, Vitis, Nothocissus, and Pterisanthes form a well supported clade. Ampelopsis, Rhoicissus, and the Cissus striata complex form a clade sister to the clade containing all the other taxa of Vitaceae. The core Cissus clade is resolved to be sister to the Cayratia-Tetrastigma-Cyphostemma clade, forming a clade of taxa with 4-merous flowers. The Parthenocissus-Yua clade is sister to the Ampelocissus-Vitis-Nothocissus-Pterisanthes clade. The Old World Cissus is paraphyletic, with the New World core Cissus nested within it. The ancestral area of Vitaceae remains not well resolved, although Asia has a higher probability as its ancestral area. The family had a rapid radiation in its early history in the late Creataceous and then quickly diversified in Asia, Africa and North/Central America in the Paleocene. Vitaceae had a second major increase in diversification rate in the early Miocene. The temperate taxa had a high speciation rate as well as a high extinction rate, whereas the tropical Vitaceae had a lower speciation rate and a low extinction rate. Vitaceae had a very complex and dynamic biogeographic diversification history, involving a number of long distance-dispersal events and migrations across the North Atlantic land bridges.

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1 - Smithsonian Institution, Botany, MRC-166 National Museum of Natural History, 10th St. & Constitution Ave., NW, MRC 166, Washington/DC, N/A, 20013-7012, USA

Keywords:
Vitaceae
grape family
phylogeny
biogeography
transcriptome
diversification.

Presentation Type: Symposium or Colloquium Presentation
Session: SY07
Location: Prince of Wales/Riverside Hilton
Date: Tuesday, July 30th, 2013
Time: 1:45 PM
Number: SY07002
Abstract ID:691
Candidate for Awards:None


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